Capacitor é um componente que armazena energia elétrica com um par de placas metálicas separadas por uma substância não-condutiva (dielétrico). Carregar o capacitor elétrico exige taxas de polaridade opostas em cada placa. A capacidade de armazenamento depende do tamanho do condensador e é armazenado em unidades
Utilização do capacitor
• Muito mais rápido quando comparado a uma descarga na bateria.
• Atua como filtro eletrônico com alta e baixa freqüência dos sinais.
• Bloco de tensão DC, restringindo a corrente quando o condensador está carregado. No entanto, o sinal AC continua a fluir através de um condensador.
Os Capacitores estão baseados nos seguintes critérios:
Tipo
Condutividade Térmica
Aplicação
Prós
Contras
Diamante
* Alta Freqüência
* Alta Resistência à compressão
* Tamanho grande
* Monitor
* Alta frequência para equipamentos de Telecomunicação
Ouro
* Voltagem de alta tensão
* Reposto por capacitores de poliestireno
* Utilização especial
Prata
* Alta resistência a Aquecimentos
* Baixa capacidade
* Placa-mãe
* Equipamentos para Telecomunicações
* Monitor
Cobre
* Aquecimento alto Calor & Resistência
* Matéria-prima rara
* Caro
* Tamanho largo
* Utilização especial
Alumínio
* Faixa de alta Temperatura
* Alta Capacidade estática
* Temperatura irá impactar na capacitácncia oferecendo um mau desempenho (alta freqüência)
* Tempo de vida útil
* Material Poluidor / Tomar o devido cuidado ao descartar
* Caro
* Monitor
* Placa-mãe
Capacitores utilizados em Fontes são "capacitores electrolíticos" utilizam dois tipos de materiais - "Líquido" e "Sólido". A vantagem de um Capacitor Sólidoé o seu Filtro de ruído. Os tradicionais capacitores líquidos "liquid type" são limitados por temperaturas até 85°, considerando que o "tipo sólido" poderá tolerar até 200°. A Cooler Master cuidadosamente seleciona a combinação mais apropriada de capacitor líquido e sólido para acomodar uma intensa mudança na temperatura, conforme o resultado da voltagem de entrada em todas as Fontes.
Alta qualidade do capacitor Japonês => elevada confiabilidade & estabilidade na voltagem de entrada. Alta qualidade do capacitor Taiwanês => estabilidade na voltagem saída. Alta qualidade do capacitor sólido => estabilidade na voltagem de saída e minimiza o ruído da voltagem.
Why Power Efficiency?
Power efficiency is calculated based on the ratio between AC input and DC output of the power supply. With improved power transfer, the efficiency level is increased. This can be achieved with a good circuitry design and quality components.
Improving Quality of Power Transfer
With PFC (Power Factor Correction), a power supply is able to reduce the current and stress levels on the various components in the power unit.
Heat Reduction of the Power Supply
A cool-running power supply means less risk of overheating your computer system. The end result is prolonging the usage of the computing system.
Quiet Running
If the power supply takes longer to heat up, it means the intelligent fan is turned on less often, thereby minimizing computer noise.
Why are Heat-Sinks Important for Power Supplies?
Discussions over heat-sinks are usually reserved for coolers, but in actual fact, a good heat-sink also makes the world of a difference for power supplies. This is because it helps your power supply to run at cooler temperatures, meaning less strain on the components, pro-longing the life of your unit. At the same time, the fan within works less, resulting in a quieter unit. Cooler Master’s expertise in coolers has been incorporated into our own power supplies. Here are a few things that we’ve considered to unlocking the mystery of a cooler-quieter power supply.
Surface Area - It's at the surface of the heat sink where the heat transfer takes place, therefore, the larger the surface area, the more capable it is to rid of heat.
Flat Contact - The heat sink has to be flat and in perfect contact with the heat source in order to maximize heat transfer.
Aerodynamics - Heat sinks need to be designed so that hot air can easily and quickly pass through the cooler and reach the cool fins. Cooler Master has done well to have the most efficient design what takes into account of the placement of the fins and allocation of heat-pipes. Material - Each material has its own strengths, Cooler Master uses a combination of aluminum and copper to gives us the best combination of * thermal conductivity and * specific heat capacity and cost. The area in contact with the heat source is made of copper, which helps lead the heat away to the outer parts of the heat sink. The aluminum fin then releases the heat into the air.
* Thermal Conductivity indicates the ability to conduct heat (higher is better). * Heat Capacity measures the heat energy required to increase the temperature to a certain interval (higher is better).
Thermal Conductivity
Specific Heat Capacity
Diamond
900 W/mK
519 CJ/kg·K
Gold
318 W/mK
129 CJ/kg·K
Silver
429 W/mK
233 CJ/kg·K
Copper
401 W/mK
326 CJ/kg·K
Aluminum
205 W/mK
897 CJ/kg·K
Lead
35.3 W/mK
127 CJ/kg·K
Alloys
Lower than pure material
Lower than pure material
Silent Pro M Series is the first of a long line of power supplies from Cooler Master that utilizes this patented heat-sink design.
What's all this Talk about Protection?
A power supply is the sole energy source for a computer system, keeping all the components well powered up. It becomes critical to have precautionary measures to protect the components from any power abnormalities.
Cooler Master power supplies are designed with these concepts in mind to keep everything running in a powerful yet stable environment. In particular, our Power Failure Indicator with Automatic Shut-Off are activated if OVP / OCP / OPP / SCP / UVP / OTP occurs. We also have circuitry such as Soft-Start Circuit to limit the inrush current to protect components against excessive wear-and-tear.
OVP (Over Voltage Protection): OVP prevents the damaging impact of excessive output voltage by shutting down the power unit. UVP (Under Voltage Protection): UVP ensures a constant flow of power to keep your components at their max performance. OCP (Over Current Protection): OCP restricts excess output current to the computer system and power supply itself. SCP (Short Circuit Protection): SCP prevents any “rush back” of voltage that may cause harm to the power supply and other components. OPP (Over Power Protection): OPP safeguards the power supply from any overload, preventing over exposure to extreme power conditions. OTP (Over Temperature Protection): OTP automatically shuts down the power supply if the system overheats. This helps protect the power supply duration from any possible damage.
All About Power Factor Correction (PFC)
Power factor is the ratio of actual power (active: S) to total power consumed (apparent: P) or Apparent Power (P) / Active Power (S) – value is between 0 and 1.
PFC allows power supplies to level-out current peak levels to create a more even distribution of power, which also means more effective power conversion. This slso results in reducing stress on neutrals and transformers. There are two types of PFC - Active PFC and Passive PFC.
Passive vs. Active PFC Passive Power Factor Correction (Passive PFC) uses a filter to control the apparent power, however it may not be the most efficient method. This is done by using an inductor, capacitor circuitry inductance, to control the harmonic current (red wave) and only allow currents to pass at a pre-determined frequency (e.g. 50 or 60 Hz). The power factor improvement with passive PFC is usually around 75%~80%.
Active Power Factor Correction (Active PFC) uses a circuitry to correct the amount of power drawn to obtain the best ratio of power factor. The circuit also reduces total harmonics and correction for AC input voltages. It is the preferred PFC of choice as it produces a more efficient power frequency, as compared to no PFC or Passive PFC. Active PFC can theoretically produce a power factor of over 95%.
Quick points on benefit of PFC
Allow more power units to be operated on the same “bandwidth”.
Save cost on power distribution system
Conserve energy
Active PFC is included in the following Cooler Master power supplies series:
Alta qualidade do capacitor Japonês => elevada confiabilidade & estabilidade na voltagem de entrada.
